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II. Types of Interactions Between Orders - Coggle Diagram
Topics and Subtopics:
- Trophic interactions: How different orders prey on each other.
- Example: Birds (Order Aves) preying on insects (Order Insecta), or carnivores preying on herbivores.
- Apex predators and their impact on ecosystem structure.
- Commensalism Between Orders
- Example: Remora fish (Order Perciformes) riding on sharks (Order Carcharhiniformes).
- One order benefits while the other is unaffected.
- Effects on the population structure and dynamics of both orders.
- How competition between orders influences ecosystem dynamics.
- Ecological competition: Resources, space, mates, etc.
- Example: Competition between different carnivore orders (e.g., felids vs. canids).
- Mutualistic Interactions Between Orders
- Symbiotic relationships (mutualism, cooperation) between different orders.
- Example: Bees (Order Hymenoptera) and flowering plants (Order Magnoliales) in pollination.
- Co-evolution of mutualistic relationships: evolutionary benefits to both interacting orders.
- Parasitism Between Orders
- Example: Parasitic worms (Order Nematoda) infecting mammals (Order Mammalia).
- Parasitic interactions: How one order benefits at the expense of another.
- Evolutionary arms race in host-parasite dynamics.