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III. Current Understanding of Kingdom Interactions - Coggle Diagram
Topics and Subtopics:
- The role of bacteria and archaea in the nitrogen cycle, carbon cycle, and decomposition.
- Microbial symbiosis with animals (gut microbiomes in humans and animals).
- Prokaryotic interactions with eukaryotic organisms (endosymbiosis, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotes).
- Ecological Interactions Between Kingdoms
- Predation and Herbivory: Interactions between animals (Animalia) and plants (Plantae).
- Symbiosis: Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. Examples:
- Lichens (Fungi + Algae or Cyanobacteria).
- Mycorrhizae (Fungi + Plants).
- Coral Reefs (Coral + Algae).
- Competition: For resources like light, space, and nutrients (e.g., between plants and algae).
- Plant-Animal Interactions
- Role of animals in plant reproduction (e.g., bees, birds).
- Pollination, seed dispersal, and herbivory.
- Influence of plants on animal behavior and vice versa (e.g., plants emitting chemicals to deter herbivores).
- Eukaryote-Prokaryote Interactions
- The endosymbiotic theory and its role in understanding eukaryotic origins.
- Horizontal gene transfer between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.