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Multiple Sclerosis, Random, Linking the cell receptors with the cell types…

- - - - Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the CNS, and σ1R protein is associated with their differentiation and myelin sheath formation.
  - - - Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS): Follows a relapsing course, with progressive neurological disability and ongoing inflammation.
      - Primary Progressive MS (PPMS): Progressive disease from onset.
      - Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS): Characterized by episodes of relapse with stable periods in between.
- - - - It exhibits a trimeric structure with each receptor in the trimer having a single transmembrane domain that anchors it to the cytosolic side of the ER.
    - - by upregulating Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein).
      - Facilitates NMDA receptor signaling, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity by
        
        Modulating calcium signaling (e.g., inhibiting SK channels).
        
        Promoting NMDA receptor subunit expression and trafficking.
      - Counteracts negative regulation of NMDA receptors by cannabinoid-1 receptors, enhancing neuronal firing and synaptic maturation.
    - - Cells that express the S1R are: neurons, astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes
      - Parts of the brain where the S1R is expressed: cerebellum, hippocampus, locus coeruleus, anterior cingulate gyrus, cerebral cortex, thalamus & hypothalamus