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Crime control - Coggle Diagram
Crime control
Hirschi's control theory
Commitment - committed to things like work, school, and everyday tasks that you can't lose
Involvement - involved in things so you don't have the time to commit crime (eg. clubs, sports teams, Church)
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Belief - beliefs stop you from committing crime because of the morals, norms, and values they teach
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Analysis (AO3)
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If you don't believe in it, it leads to harsher punishment
Evaluation (AO3)
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Justifies controlling the poor and marginalised - if individuals don't have these controls, then it looks like we need protection from these individuals as they may commit crime and be dangerous
Functionalist approach
Changes values - some crimes highlight issues in the CJS, leading to new understandings of crime and by punishing certain acts, society comes together, changing their values
Social cohesion - brings people together as they share the same morals, norms, and values, stopping people from going against this, so society supports control
Reaffirms boundaries - people know where the line is for a crime, stopping them from committing crimes
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Safety valve - deviance acts as a pressure release that is not criminal, stopping them from committing serious crimes, as there are different levels of control (going unpunished )
Feminist approach
Work - glass ceiling, gender pay gap, part time work
Public - not out late, certain places, expectations about how to act
Home - dual burden, domestic labour
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Heidensohn - women are controlled in the home, at work, and in public
Marxist approach
Ideological state apparatus - controls beliefs of people to follow bourgeois norms and values (eg. education, socialisation)
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Repressive state apparatus - use of force, threat, or coercion to lead people to follow bourgeois norms and values (eg. police, army)
Social control
Formal - written laws and how they are enforced (eg. police, army, laws)
Informal - unofficial ways of stopping crime in society, enforced through social pressure (eg. family, education, peers)