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Neuro conditions - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Relapsing remitting (ups & downs)
        
        Primary progressive (only up)
        
        Secondary progressive (starts with ups & downs followed by continuous up)
        
        Progressive relapsing (Constantly up with acute spikes)
      - Relapse: symptoms for more than 24hrs
        Pseudo-exacerbation: lasts less than 24hrs
        Uhthoffs phenomenon: adverse reaction to heat
      - Exacerbating factors
        
        Viral/bacteria
        
        Disease of major systems (pneumonia)
        
        Stress emotional or bodily
    - - Exercise Considerations
        
        Cool environ, loose clothing
        
        Don't overwork
        
        Work in mornings
        
        More rest intervals
        
        Keep hydrated
        
        Submax intensity
        
        Energy conservation & pacing
- - - - S&S
        Symmetrical
        D->P
        Muscle aches; throbbing/ deep esp lower back & legs
        ANS dysfunction (risk of CRPS)
        hypotonia
        hyporeflexia
        "glove & stocking" paraesthesia
        Respiratory weakness
      - Complications
        
        Autonomic: Tachycardia, BP fluctuations, arrhythmias
        
        DVT/Pressure sores
        
        Resp failure/infection (phrenic nerve)
- - - - BPPV:
        Otoconia (calcium carbonate crystals) within inner ear dislodge from utricle into semi-circular canals
        Cause: age, head injury
        
        S&S
        
        Vertigo
        
        Nausea
        
        Nystagmus
        
        Disequilibrium
        With head position changes, lasting less than 60s
        
        Special tests:
        Hallpike dix
        Roll test
        
        Hallpike dix:
        45degrees rt, 30degrees E.
        Posterior canal; nystagmus unidirectional & fatigable
        
        Roll test: supine, neck F with quick rt mvt to test horizontal canal
        
        Interventions:
        
        Canalith repositioning manoeuvre(epley's)
        
        The liberatory (Semont) manoeuvre
        
        Brandt-Daroff exercises
      - Unilateral vestibular hypofunction
        Peripheral vestibular receptors/nerve disfunction due to infection, trauma, vascular events, chronic meniere's disease
        S&S
        
        Vertigo
        
        Spontaneous nystagmus
        
        Oscillopsia
        
        Postural instability
        
        Disequilibrium
        
        Rx:
        
        VOR training (gaze stability)
        
        Habituation exercises (decrease motion sensitivity)
        
        Postural stability exercises