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questionnaire research and measurement - Coggle Diagram
questionnaire research and measurement
selection of observable indicators of theoretical concepts
measure-first approach
existing data
common in secundary research
challenge= construct validity
construct first-approach
existing scale
develop new scale
construct definition
attributes
object
rater
dimensions
reflective measurement
multidimensional reflective measurement
formative measure
multidmensional formative measure
operationalization
item generation
inspection of prior scales
reviews of academic and popular literature
brainstorm and introspection
qualitative research
item selection
content valitidity
assign items to dimensions (applicability and relevance)
clarity in wording
exploratory or confirmatory factor analysis
recommendations
consistency in object and attribute
parsimony trade off
do not oversimplify
reflective vs formative
direction of causality: construct -> item
indicators share common theme
indicators covary
collection of data from respondents
accuracy vs self-representation
impression management
self-deceptive enhancement
evaluate SDR contamination
high-demand situation?
favorable self-image in agency or communion domain
correlation between substantive scales and SDR scale (>2)
ability and motivation to answer questions accurately
satisficing
emphasizing importance
asking to take task seriously
incentives
eliminate
bogus items
instructed response items
three-step model of survey process
comprehension
item wording
familiar words
precise
specific
simplify syntax
avoid low syntactic redundancy
response category wording/numbering
judgment and retrieval
novel vs previously formed
online vs memory-based
response
ARS
DARS
ERS
MRS
formulation of measurement models
number of indicators
single
multi-item
type of indicators
discrete
continuous
type of measurement model
reflective
indicator is manifestation of underlying construct
indicator is conceptually interchangeable
indicators covary
same antecedent and consequence of each indicator
formative
measurement analysis
reliability
composite reliability
individual item reliability
average extracted
discriminant validity