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Chapter 13 - Alkenes I - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 13 - Alkenes I
Structure and bonding
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Bonding
For each carbon atom of the double bond, three of the four electrons are used in three sigma bonds
One electron is involved in a pi bond, where there is a sideways overlap of two adjacent p-orbitals
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Pi electron density is concentrated above and below the line joining the nuclei of the bonding atoms
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Stereoisomers
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Rotation about the double bond is restricted and groups attached to each carbon are fixed relative to each other
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In But-1-ene on carbon atom has two hydrogen atoms attached, meaning that it can't have E/Z isomerism
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Reactions of alkenes
Reactivity
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Why the pi bond breaks
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Pi bond is weaker, and therefore broken more easily
Addition reactions
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Halogenation
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Test for unsaturation
Reaction of alkenes with bromine can be used to show if a C=C bond is present and the organic compound is unsaturated
When bromine water is added, bromine adds across the double bond
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If compound is unsaturated, there is no additon reaction and no coloud change
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