STRENGTHS- model expands on MSM short-term memory introducing ideas like the visuo spatial sketchpad and primary acoustic store, high in validity credible model because it fits with everyday experience of memory, stm is a dynamic process rather than a store, continually evolving with new research added an 'episodic buffer' in the 2000s, Case Study- KF’s impairment was mainly for verbal information – his memory for visual information was largely unaffected. This shows that there are separate STM components for visual information (VSS) and verbal information (phonological loop) Smith (1995) used brain scans to provide support for the subdivisions of the separate visual and verbal stores as they are located in different parts of the brain and also differences in visual and spatial awareness to support the visuo spatial sketchpad, Baddeley 1993 found that ps had difficulty tracking the movement of light while describing the angles of a letter other ps had little difficulty tracking the light while doing a verbal task, dual task performance, can be applied to real-life model has been argued to help children with ADHD to solve deficits in WMM, like by breaking down instructions into simple manageable chunks with frequent repetition