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qualitative inorganic analysis - Coggle Diagram
qualitative inorganic analysis
physical examination of the salt
appearance
No colour(all salts in 12th)
presence of Ba Sr Zn Ch3COO NH3 Al Ca Mn Mg Pb
odor
rotten egg
ammonia
vinegar like
acetate
flame test
procedure: dip glass rod into conc. HCl and introduce it to a small portion of the salt and show it to the non luminous bunsen flame
brick red
Strontium
crimson red
calcium
light blue flashes
Zinc
persistent grassy green flame
barium
No flame colour
Acetate,Ammonia
dull bluish white flame
Pb
ash test: 3 drops of HNO3 cobalt nitrate soln. filter paper burn and observe colour
green
Zn
pink
Mg
blue
Al
Preliminary test for anion
Dil. H2SO4
colourless odourless gas with brisk effervescence
same thing again
turns lime water milky
magnesium sulphate and Nh4OH
white ppt formed
vinegar smell
salt+H2SO4+heat, add few drops of ethanol shake and add to 25ml of water
neutral ferric chloride and boil
Conc H2SO4
heat with it
reddish brown gas which intensifies on adding paper ball
same but instead of paper ball copper turnings
dark brown fumes
Brown ring test: small amount of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate and conc. h2so4 along sides
brown ring at junction of layers
colourless gas with pungent smell whil;e generates white fumes when glass rod dipped in ammonium hydroxide to mouyth of test tube
Silver nitrate
white ppt
chromyl chloride test: solid potassium dichromate+conc.H2SO4 red vapours through NaOH soln. and add adetic acid and lead acetate
yellow ppt
BaCl2
white ppt (Sulphate)
same repeat
lead acetate
white ppt soluble in excess hot ammonium acetate soln
Preliminary test for anion
dil NaOH + moist red litmus at mouth of test tube
colorless gas +ammoniacal snell + red litmus turns blue
Salt + heated with dil. NaOH + glass rod dipped in HCl at mouth of test tube
dense white fumes of ammonium chloride
nessler's reagent
reddish brown ppt
salt soln. with dil HCl
white ppt
Pb
Salt soln with KI gives yellow ppt
Salt soln. with KCr gives yellow ppt
salt soln+dil.HCl+ammonium sulphide
saltt soln. + solid ammonium chloride+boil and cool and add excess ammonium hydroxide
white gelatinous ppt (Al)
Hcl+blue litmus sol+ammonium hydroxide
ash test
salt solution is treated with solid ammonium chloride boil and cool then add excess ammonium hydroxide followed by 3 drops of ammonium sulphide
dirty white ppt
NaOH dropwise
potassium ferrocyanide
salt soln. +solid ammonium chloride+boil and cool+ excess ammonium hydroxide + (nh4)2Co3 soln.
white ppt
ba
pottasium chromate (yellow ppt)
flame test
ca
ammonium oxalate+few drops of ammonium hydroxide
flame test
Sr
ammonium sulphate
flame test
Solid ammonium chloride+ammonium hydroxide in slight + excess of disodium hydrofen phosphate
white ppt on scratching sides with glass rod
ash test
magneson reagent+sodium hydroxide
blue ppt