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Introduction to programming - Coggle Diagram
Introduction to programming
programming languages
high-level languages
new generation of programming languages similar to English which easy to learn and use
advantages
easier for human to learn and understand compared low-level languages
programs are shorter because single instruction of high-level languages corresponds to many operations
machine-independent (portable)
disadvantages
not readily understood by computers need to be translated
low-level languages
machine languages
defined as a computer languages written in binary code (1,0)
advantages
readily understood by computers because not need to translated
disadvantages
very difficult to read and modify by human
programs are lengthy because single instruction only one operation
machine-dependent (not portable)
assembly languages
short descriptive known as a mnemonic
advantages
easier to learn and understand by human
disadvantages
not readily understood by computers
needs to translated into machine language before executed
programs are lengthy because single instruction only one operation
machine-dependent (not portable)
programming paradigms
an approach to solving problems using some programming languages
procedural
main module and the main module is divided into smaller modules
C, Pascal, COBOL, BASIC
object-oriented
objects which are items that can contain both data and the procedures that read or manipulate that data
Java, C++, Python
logic
LISP, Prolog, Mercury, Datalog
facts stored in memory called the knowledge base
programming languages translators
a program that translates a programming source code into a machine code for execution
assembler
translates assembly-languages instructions into machine code
assembly language
interpreter
translates high-level source code into machine code, one line at a time
Python, HTML, Perl, PHP, Ruby
compiler
translates the entire high-level source code into a machine code
Java, Pascal, C++, C, Swift