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INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING - Coggle Diagram
INTRODUCTION TO
PROGRAMMING
Low-level Languages
assembly languages
a short descriptive word known as a mnemonic
ADVANTAGES:
-easier to
learn and understand by human compared to machine
language.
DISADVANTAGES:
-not readily understood by computers.
-needs to be translated into machine language before being executed.
-programs are lengthy.
--machine-dependent (not portable)
machine languages
ADVANTAGES:
-readily understood by computers
-does not need to be translate before
being executed
instructions written in the form
of binary code (0,1)
DISADVANTAGES:
-very difficult to read and modify
by human.
-programs are lengthy
-machine-dependent (not portable)
High-level Languages
Java
C++
Python
ADVANTAGES:
-written using high-level language are easier for human to learn and understand compared to low-level languages.
-programs are shorter.
-machine-independent (portable)
DISADVANTAGES:
-not readily understood by computers where it needs to be translated into machine language before being executed.
Programming Paradigms
Procedural
modular programming
C, Pascal, COBOL, Fortran, BASIC, ColdFusion
Object-oriented
based on objects and classes
Java, C++, Python
Logic
facts and rules
LISP, ProLog, Mercury, Datalog
Programming Languages
Translators
Assembler
translates assembly-language
instructions into
machine code.
Interpreter
translates high-level source
code into machine
code, one line at a time.
Python, HTML,
Perl, PHP, Ruby
Compiler
translates the entire high-level
source code into
a machine code.
Java, Pascal, C++, C, Swift