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Chapter 12 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 12
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Overview of Gene
Expression
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- The molecular function of the protein product
- The organism's trait conferred by the gene
The two levels are interconnected – the molecular function of the gene affects the structure and function of cells, which in turn determines the organism's traits.
Transcription
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A gene is an organized unit of DNA sequences that enables a segment of DNA to be transcribed into RNA, ultimately leading to the formation of a functional product. Some genes code for RNA as the final product, rather than a protein.
- Transfer RNA (tRNA) translates mRNA into amino acids.
- Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of ribosomes.
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Translation and the
Genetic Code
The genetic code is the sequence of bases in an mRNA molecule, read in groups of three nucleotide bases called codons.
Most codons specify a particular amino acid, including the "Start" codon.
The code is degenerate, meaning that more than one codon can specify the same amino acid.
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