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UNIT 4 - HIV & AIDS - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 4 - HIV & AIDS
DEFINITION OF HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a retrovirus that attacks the immune system, which is our body's natural defense against illness
DEFINITION OF AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is a set of symptoms caused by the HIV virus, also refered as last stage of HIV
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
HIV attaches to and penetrates host T cells, then releases HIV RNA and enzymes into the host cell. HIV reverse transcriptase copies RNA as proviral DNA
proviral DNA enters the host cell's nucleus, and HIV intergrase facilitates the proviral DNA's intergration into the host's DNA
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HIV protease cleaves viral proteins, converting the immature virus to a mature, infectious virus
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HIV IN PREGNANCY
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ANTEPARTUM MANAGEMENT
- ART should be started as soon as a diagnosis of HIV is made in a pregnancy patient or HIV positive woman
INTRAPARTUM MANAGEMENT
- HIV RNA viral load > 1000 copies/mL or unknown levels near delivery are delivered via scheduled c-section at 38 weeks
- offer opt-out screening option for HIV
POSTPARTUM MANAGEMENT
- ART for the mother and the newborn must be provided before hospital discharge
- must be screened for postpartum depression
- must be counseled about contraceptive use
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NURSING CARE
must not allow personal attitudes to influence professional behaviour or the care of the woman and family during pregnancy birth and the postpartum period
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contraceptive counseling, including information that condoms can reduce risk of acquiring or transmitting STDs and HIV
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