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Sociology in class assesment - Coggle Diagram
Sociology in class assesment
Changing patterns
Marriage
increasing
higher expectations
planned more
Divorce
Functionalists
massive concern in the increase of divorce because it goes against nuclear family
Marxist - Capitalism
Feminists
like rise in divorce because they don't like men
Changes in law
Equalising the grounds
Making divorce cheaper
Declining stigma
negaive lables, social disapproval or shame attached to a person, action or relationship
in the past divorces were stigamatised
Secularisation
decline in the influence of religion in society
Rising expectioans of marraige
Change in role of women
improvements in their economic position have made the less financial dependent on their husband
Cohabitation
increasing
Changing role of women
better education
Reduced social stigma
growing serculisation
The churches are in favour of marriage
Rising divorce rates
see likelihood of marriage ending in divorce
Child Bearing
children have a lot more problems due to their parents conflict
Family size
Getting smaller due to less people getting married in each generaiton
Ethnic
immigration has helped create ethnic diveristy
over 90% of lone parent famlies are headed by women
Black Caribbean and African have higher proportion of lone parent households
Bangladeshi
Pakistani
Indian
Class and age differences
Different famlies have different classes and age differences
Men are more likely to be paid more than women
More lone parent families lead by women
Radical feminists
Family diversity
Range of family types
Modern family
Nuclear family
traditional, expressive, instramental
Stability, formal, distinct, based on women's economic dependence on men
Postmodern family
Diverse Nuclear, single parent, cohabiting same sex, co parenting, extended,
negotiated, dual workers, dual burden, egalitarian
Why these changes have occurred
Due to the industrialsiation dissapperiang
New laws being put in
people seeing a positive response to people's different needs and wishes
Gender roles
Domestic labour
The differenr oles and responibilites that need to be completed within the household
Childcare
More stay at home parents so less children are getting put into childcare
Domestic violecne
a pattern of behavior in any relationship that is used to gain power and control
Finance
Men and women still don't get paid the same amount of money
Dual Burden
When there the wife and husband both earn money
Triple shift
Expressive role
emotional,paid work, housework
Demography
Birth rates
Decline
More babies surviving after birth due to improved medicine
People are having less children so birth rates declining
Death rates
Have declined due to an increase in medical stuff
impact of globalisation on families
Women more educated and so will be more likely to plan their life.
Smaller families due to better contraception
Children are being more expensive
Families that are smaller are having less children
Children centerdness
Parents are spending more money on children
Migration
Immigration
Emigration
Net migration
push/pull
War, salvery
Education, better heath care, jobs
Childhood
Changes to childhood
compulsory schooling
Child protection
Children's right
welfare legislation
Declining family size and lower infant mortality rates
Children's development became the subject of medical knowledge
Laws and policies
Different experiences
Class
Children of unskilled manual workers
3x suffer from hyperactivity
4x conduct disorders
Children born into poor famliies
die in infancy or childhood
Suffer long standing illnesses
Be shorter in height
Fall behind in school
Placed on child protection register
Gender
Mayer Hillman
boys
more likely to be allowed to cross, cycle on road, uses busses and go out after dark unaccompanied
Jens Bonke (1999)
girls do more domestic labour
especially in lone-parent families
5x more housework than boys
Ethnicity
Julia Brannen's(1994) study of 15-16 year olds
Asian parents strict towards their daughters
Ghazala Bhatti (1999)
izzat (family hounour)
Could be a restriction, particualr on the behaviour of girls
childhood social construction
Cross cultural differences
Forced to work forma young age
Soldiers for war
Historical Differences
Mini adults
Children would work from a young age
Postman: The death of Childhood
Childhood is disappearing at dazzling speed
Children committing adult crimes
Children are no long ignorant and innocent
Sue Palmer
Decline of outdoor play
The "schoolification" of early childhood
Screen saturation and child development