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UNIT 5 - INTERPRETATION OF ABGs - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 5 - INTERPRETATION OF ABGs
DEFINITION
Laboratory test done by taking a blood sample from an artery to determine the extent of the compensation by the buffer system and includes the measurements of the acidity, levels of oxygen and CO2 in arterial blood.
COMPONENTS OF ABG
pH: concentration of hydrogen ions and determines the acidity and alkalinity of body fluids.
a pH of 7.35 indicates acidosis and pH > 7.45 indicates alkalosis
normal pH level: 7.35 to 7.45
PaCO2: adequacy of gas exchange between the alveoli and external environment
normal range: 35 to 45 mmHg (respiratory determinant)
OXYGEN SATURATION: amount of oxygen in blood that combines with hemoglobin
normal range: 94 to 100%
BICARBONATE (HCO3): alkaline substance that comprises over half of total buffer base in blood
deficit of bicarbonate: metabolic acidosis
increase : metabolic alkalosis
Pa02: amount of oxygen available to bind with hemoglobin
normal range: 75 - 100 mmHg
CAUSES
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
DKA
Renal failure
Diarrhea
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
Continuous gastric content suctioning
vomiting
diuretics
antacids
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
Pneumonia
Airflow obstruction
Over sedation
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
Fever
Anemia
CHF
PURPOSE
TO DETERMINE OXYGENATION
TO DETERMINE ACID-BASE STATUS