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LEADERSHIP, BEHAVIORAL THEORIES: THE MANAGERIAL GRID, THE BEHAVIORAL…
LEADERSHIP
-Personality: Confidence, dominance, and emotional stability.
-Aptitude: Intelligence, clear communication, and creativity
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-Drive: ambition, energy, responsibility
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-Integrity: honesty, trustworthiness
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1. Leader and Non-leader
-Leaders tend to be brighter, more outgoing, and confident than non-leaders
-However, no traits consistently distinguish leaders from followers
2. Effective and Ineffective Leaders
-Effective leaders are intelligent, confident, proactive, and good supervisors, often linked to high performance
-Leadership effectiveness depends more on matching traits to the situation than specific traits
'Consdiration' (employee-oriented) leadership behavior
*CONSIDERATION BEHAVIOUR
*LEADER TAKES INTO CONSIDERATION FOLLOWERS' idea and feelings.
*REFLECT FRIENDSHIP;MUTUAL RESPECT AND WARMTH IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWWEN LEADE AND FOLLOWERS.
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LEADER
- someone who can influence the behaviour of others without having to rely on force or on those who accepted him/her as leader.
LEADERSHIP
- process of directing the behaviour of others toward the accomplishment of some objective [goals], or causing individuals to act in a certain way or to follow a particular course
Leadership involves
- creating a vision of the future
- devising a strategy to achieve that vision
- communicating the vision so that everyone
understands and believe in it
LEADING
- motivating and directing the members of an organization so that they contribute to the achievement of the goals of the organization
IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP
- Make contributions to the organization
Leaders can contribute to the organization by
developing strategies that assist in the
organization sustainability and succes
- Enhance and obtain cooperation
Leaders need to promote cooperation to ensure
all planning is smoothly transformed into actions
to meet the set goal
- Encourage teamwork
Leaders should encourage their subordinates to
work together to achieve organizational goals
- Motivate employees to generate good work
Leaders should motivate and direct their subordinates behaviour in a way that works towards common goals
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THE BEHAVIORAL THEORIES In the OHIO STATES UNIVERSITY STUDIES,researchers studied the behavior of leaders and found two critical behaviors called :
- 'Initiating structure' (task orintation) leadearship behavior :check:*Leader establishes both leader-subordinate rules in achiveing goals. :check:- Leader established well-defined procedures that followers should adhere to in perfoming their jobs.
3. Characteristics of Effective Leaders
Key traits: personality (confidence, emotional stability), intelligence, and creativity
-Leader behavior focuses primarily on how well subordinates are performing their jobs (performances effectiveness)
- Manager or leaders set rigid work standard ,organize taks down to the last detail , prescribe work methods to be followed and closely supersive employees work
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- PRODUCTION - CENTERED BEHAVIOR
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- EMPLOYEE-CENTERED BEHAVIOR
THE TRAIT APPROACH
suggests that leadership depends on personal traits, meaning leaders are born, not made. It claims individuals with certain traits, like strong social and learning abilities, are naturally suited to lead
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-Leader behavior focuses primarily on subordinates as people
-Manager or leaders encourage employess participation in goal setting and other work decision as well as help ensure high performance by inspiring trust and respect, thus employees are more productive and satisfied with their work
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