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Cranial nerves - Coggle Diagram
Cranial nerves
Trochlear Nerve
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The nerve travels along the side wall of the cavernous sinus, a hollow area near the center of the skull.
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superior oblique muscle, which helps move the eye downward and outward (like when you look down at your phone while it's to the side).
Oculomotor
The nerve starts in the midbrain (a part of the brainstem) at a spot called the oculomotor nucleus, which is located near a small fluid-filled space called the cerebral aqueduct.The nerve leaves the skull through a hole called the superior orbital fissure to reach the eye.
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Pupil constriction (to reduce the amount of light entering the eye).
Lens shape (for focusing on close objects).
Origin and exit .
Origin : The nerve starts in the midbrain (a part of the brainstem) at a spot called the oculomotor nucleus, which is located near a small fluid-filled space called the cerebral aqueduct
It comes out from the front of the midbrain, passing below the posterior cerebral artery and above the superior cerebellar artery.The nerve leaves the skull through a hole called the superior orbital fissure to reach the eye.
Olfactory
Start as olfactory receptors in the nasal mucosa. The nerve endings send signals through tiny holes in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
The olfactory bulb is located just above the cribriform plate on the underside of the frontal lobe of the brain.
Once the signals pass through the cribriform plate, they reach the olfactory bulb, which acts as a processing center for smell information.
The olfactory bulb contains specialized cells called mitral and tufted cells that process the incoming signals.
Nasal Mucosa (receptors) → Cribriform Plate → Olfactory Bulb → Olfactory Tract → Brain (olfactory cortex, amygdala, hippocampus)
Optic nerve
he optic nerve exits the eye socket (the bony orbit) through a small tunnel called the optic canal.
It then enters the skull, running close to important structures like the pituitary gland.
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Optic Chiasm: Where inner (nasal) fibers cross over, allowing both sides of the brain to receive visual data from both eyes.
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Optic Radiations: Transmit signals from the LGN to the visual cortex, where the brain makes sense of the visual information.
Trigeminal nerve
Sensation (touch, pain, temperature) from the face.
Controlling the muscles involved in chewing (motor function).
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