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Chapter 12 - Alkanes - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 12 - Alkanes
Reactivity
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Sigma bonds are very strong, they have a high bond enthalpy
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Incomplete combustion
In a limited oxygen supply, there isn't enough for complete combustion
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Properties
Bonding
Saturated, only contain single bonds
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A sigma bond is the result of the overlapping of two orbitals, one from each bonded atom
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Boiling points
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Chain length
As chain length increases, molecules have a larger surface area, so more surface contact is possible between molecules
Greater london forces between molecules, so more energy is required to overcome the forces
Branching
There are fewer surface points of contact between molecules of the branced alkanes, meaning fewer london forces
More brances get in the way and prevent branched molecules getting as close together as a straight chain