Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
THE HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE - Coggle Diagram
THE HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE
HUMANISM
Was a cultural movement that began in the 14th century.
Fully developed in the 15th and 16th centuries in the rich city-states, of the northern part of the Italian Peninsula.
These cities had flourishing economy and rich artistic heritage.
Main characteristics
THE LOVE OF KNOWLEDGE
Humanists believed that a person's prestige not only depend on wealth and power, also on education.
Were experts in various fields.
THE REVIVAL OF ANTIQUITY
The humanist scholars Petrarch and Giovanni Boccaccio studied antiquity
Revised classical thinking to make it compatible with Christian values.
ANTHROPOCENTRISM
Humans were considered capable of making decisions using reason and intelligenceš§
Anthropocentric world view
An alternative to the God-centred world view of medieval Christians.
Patrons
Sponsore cultural and artistic activities thanks to power and wealth.
Governors and rich families.
Academies
To teach their ideas and create new ones.
Medici-family sponsored the most famous academy that was in Florence.
Humanists outside Florence
Sir Thomas More
Was an important English lawyer and author.
Defended the right of the Individual's consclence against power of the state.
Cardinal Cisneros
Set up the university of Alcala de Henares as centre of theology.
Humanists had a clear Christian character in Castilla.
Erasmus of Rotterdam
Born in Netherderlands
Criticised the vices of society, specially the ones of the Church.
THE SPREAD OF KNOWLEDGE
The Printing Press
In 1440 Johanes Gutenberg invented the movile-type printing press.
Books were produced more easily and quicklier.
Scientific Knowledge
Thinkers and academics became interested in understanding the world.
They revived the scientific method where, the study of nature was based on observation and experimentation.
Astrology
In the 16th century Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus developed heliocentric theory.
This theory contradicted the gecentric theory developed by Ptolemy in the 2nd century.
In the 17th century Tuscan physicist Galileo Galilei proved Copernicus theory inventing the telescope.
Medicine
There was widespread opposition to clinical trials the following advances were made:
The treaty of Anatomy, by Besalius who was born in Flandes
The theory of pulmonary circulation of blood by Miguel Servet
The development of pharmacology by Swiss physician Paracelsus
Geography
It established that the Earth was spherical.
Began modern cartography
Maps were created based on the world map drawn by Gerardus Mercator, in 1569.
Straight lines called parallels and meridians were used to locate any point in the world.