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Chapter 3 Gravity Friction and Pressure - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 3 Gravity Friction and Pressure
Friction is a force that opposes motion
Friction occurs when surfaces slide against each other
Friction - a force that resists the motion between two surfaces in contact
Forces and surfaces
Types of surfaces - Friction between two surfaces depends on the materials that make up the surfaces
Motion of the surfaces - You need a larger force to start something moving than you need to keep something moving
Force pressing the surfaces together - the harder the two surfaces are pushed together, the more difficult it is for the surfaces to slide over each other
Friction and Heat
Motion through fluids produces friction
fluids - a substance that can flow easily
air resistance - friction due to air
Gravity is a force exerted by masses
Masses attract each other
The force of gravity
Gravity on Earth
Weight and Mass
Weight - The force of gravity on an object
Gravity - the force that objects exert on each other because of there masses
Gravity keeps objects in orbit
Orbit -
Spacecraft in orbit
people in orbit
pressure depends on force and area
Pressure describes how a force is spread over an area
pressure - a measure of how much force is acting on a certain area
pascal -
Pressure formula - P=F/A
Pressure acts in all directions in fluids
pressure in fluids depends on depth
Pressure in Air
Changing Elevation - The more air there is above you the heavier the air is
Changing Density - The air at the top of a column presses down on the air below it
Effects on Pressure pressure is exerted by individual molecules colliding with an object
Pressure in Water
Fluids can exert a force on objects
Fluids can exert an upward force on objects
Buoyancy
Density and Buoyancy
The motion of a fluid affects its pressure
Bernoulli's Principle
Bernoulli's Principle - increase in the speed of the motion of a fluid decreases the pressure with in the fluid
Applying Bernoulli's principle
Air closer to the ground tends to move at slower speeds than air higher up
The increased speed of the air over a raised mound entrance decreases the pressure over that opening
The greater the air pressure over the ground-level entrance produces an unbalanced force that pushes air through the tunnels and out the higher mound entrance
Forces cab be transmitted through fluids
Pascals Principle - outside pressure is applied at any point to a fluid in a container, that pressure is transmitted throughout the fluid with equal strength
Pascals princible
Hydraulics