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UNIT 17 - CANCER IN CHILDREN - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 17 - CANCER IN CHILDREN
CANCER: an abnormal growth of cells that tends to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and, in some cases, to spread. It is malignant
TUMOR: neoplasm or a solid lesion formed by an abnormal growth of cells which looks like a swelling.
Tumor can be benign, Pre-malignant or malignant
COMMON FORMS OF CHILDHOOD MALIGANCY
LEUKEMIA: broad term given to a group of malignant diseases of the bone marrow and lymphatic system
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Acute myelogenous leukemia
LYMPHOMA
NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA: cancer of the lymphoid tissue, which includes the lymp nodes, spleen and other organs of the immune system
HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA: malignancy originates in lymphoid system and primarily involves the lymph nodes
CNS TUMORS: glioma
SOLID TUMORS
neuroblastoma
Wilm's tumors
Retinoblastoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS
genetic factor
chromosomal abnormalities
Immunodeficiency
CARDINAL SYMPTOMS OF CANCER IN CHILDREN
unusual mass or swelling
unexplained paleness and loss of energy
Sudden tendency to bruise
Persistent, localized pain or limping
Prolonged, unexplained fever or illness
Frequent headaches often with vomiting
sudden eye or vision changes
Excessive, rapid weight loss
MODES OF THERAPY
surgery
Chemotherapy
may be primary form of treatment
have antineoplastic capabilities
combining of drugs allow for optimum cell cycle destruction with minimum toxic effects
Radiation therapy
relieve symptoms of cancer by shrinking the size of the tumor
side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, alopecia, sore throat
Biologic response modifiers
Bone marrow transplant
NURSING CARE
ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO TREATMENT, PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF CANCER
FATIGUE