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Cranial nerves - Coggle Diagram
Cranial nerves
Trigeminal (V)
Motor
muscles of mastication, oral muscles: buccinator, masseter, temporalis, lateral, medial pterygoid muscles
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Sensory
opthalmic: forehead, upper eyelids, cornea
maxillary: sensation to cheeks, upper lip, palate
mandibular- sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue, lower lip, jaw
sensory feedback from face and oral structures: teeth, cheek, tongue, palate; proprioception of muscles of mastication
Oral phase: reduced sensory feedback affects manipulation of food in mouth, residue in oral cavity, cause post swallow aspiration, poor glossopalatal seal- premature spillage of liquid into pharynx; reduced palatal sensation may cause delayed swallow trigger
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Facial nerve (VII)
Motor
muscles of facial expression: orbicularis oris, buccinator: impt for lip closure, speech articulation, bolus control; posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid- elevate hyoid bone for swallowing; stapedius (in ear)
Secretion: Forming a bolus= salivary gland control (submandibular and sublingual glands)- help with saliva production
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Oral phase: reduced saliva production, taste and palatal sensation of food entering mouth is impacted,affects bolus formation; reduced palatal sensation affects swallow initiation
Pharyngeal stage: posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles are involved in elevation of hyoid bone; if.hyoid bone is not effectively elevated, airway protection is compromised
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Motor
stylopharyngeus: elevate pharynx during swallowing, shorten and widen pharynx, elevate larynx during swallow
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Sensory
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sensation from posterior tongue, tonsils, pharynx, soft palate, faucial pillars
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Oral stage: decrease in saliva production, may affect bolus formation
Pharyngeal: inefficient elevation of larynx is stylopharyngeus is affected; impaired sensation to pharynx- undiscovered residue in pharynx post swallow; therefore causing aspiration
Hypoglossal (XII)
Motor
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extrinsic mvt: genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus- move tongue in all directions
bolus manipulation, propulsion
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Vagus (X)
Motor
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intrinsic laryngeal muscles inner acted by RLN-controls VF mvts for voice production ab/ad, airway production
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sensory
sensation from pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, epiglottis
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