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German History: 4 Culture - The Third Reich - Coggle Diagram
German History: 4 Culture - The Third Reich
Rejection of modernism and promotion of tradition
Nazis idealised images of German landscapes, heros and mythology
`Nazis had own vision of art called 'heroic realism'
Idealised ancient Greek and Roman styles and favoured neoclassical structures
Built ambitious products eg Reich Chancellery in Berlin
Heroic sculptures by Arno Breker called 'Torch Bearer' and 'Sword Bearer'
Control and Ceonsorship
Nazis had strict control
Established the Reich Chamber of Culture overseen by Goebbels and his ministry
Figures like Fritz Lang, George Grosz left overseas due to surveillance from the Gestapo
1937 Munich Degenerate Art exhibition included Picasso, Kandinsky and Gogh
Artists like Arno Breker and Adolf Ziegler celebrated
Music
Jazz associated with African Americans and banned from the radio in 1935
Richard Wagne 'Ride of the Valkyries' was admired by the Nazis
Beethoven 'Ode to Joy' and Carl Orfl 'Carmina Burana' were admired by the Nazis
Art and Culture as propaganda
Films by Leni Rienfenstahl like "Triumph of the Will" and "Olympia" glorified the Nazis
Elaborate events of the annual day or mourning and the Day of the German army to honour fallen soldiers emphasised cult of heroism
Art used to strengthen cult of the Fuhrer as portraits of Hitler by artists like Heinrich Knirr were placed in home and public places
Aryan supremacy and anti semetism
'The Eternal Jew' 1940
Jewish composers like Mendelssonn and Mahler were condemned
Popular composers like Irving Berlin and Kurt Weill who made music for 'The Threepenny Opera' were also condemned
Volksgemeinschaft
Create sense of 'national community'
Wanted to replace individualism with collectivism
Idealised Germanic heritage and traditions
National holidays and displays showed allegiance to the regime eg Harvest thanksgiving festival celebrated farmers
Promotion of Militarism
Ernst Junger "Storm of Steel" book honoured soldiers
Military parades, flag ceremonies and solemn rituals
The blood flag honours Nazi Martyrs who died in the Beer Hall Putsch in 1923
"Blood and Soil" emphasised the importance between German people and the Land
Backlash against 'immoral' Weimar culture
Female stars denied right to dress skimpily stark contrast with women in Nazi films
'Law for the Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases' which included homosexuals so gay pubs and bars were closed
Targeted Cabaret Clubs which were forced to close down as they were deemed immoral
Sport and Physical fitness
Used Berlin Olympics to support and promote Sport in Germany
Max Schmeling was a German boxer and in 1936 he beat American Joe Louis demonstrating Aryan Supremacy
The Hitler Youth organised hiking trips
Wanted a strong and healthy population