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Tests for Cations and Anions, Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid, then…

- - - - Add dilute sodium hydroxide and warm sample.
      - Ammonia gas given off is ions present, ammonia turns damp red litmus paper blue.
- - - - Chloride - white
      - Bromide - cream
      - Iodide - yellow
  - - - Test for carbon dioxide by bubbling it through limewater.
  - - - White precipate forms if sulfate ions are there.