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Vascularization - Coggle Diagram
Vascularization
Roots
Rhizomorphs
Root transition
Early without root hairs
Root body plan
Primary root
Lateral roots
Seminal roots
Apical meristem
Root cap
Lycophyte
Euphyllophyte
Pericycle
Root hairs
Single celled
Cortex
Hypodermis
Exodermis
Endodermis
Evolutionary perspective
Tracheophytes
Annular thickenings
Cooksonia
Thought to be true tracheids
Xylem
No specialized cells
hydroids (Water conducting cell)
Tracheary elements
(die a maturity)
Gymnosperm vs Angiosperm
Vessel element differentiation
annular
Helical
Reticulate
Porous
Food conducting cells
Phloem
Food conducting cells
Phloem differentiation
stele types
Protostele (~420Ma)
Siphonostele (~407Ma)
Eustele (~390Ma)
archs
Exarch
Endarch
Mesarch
Wood
Loss of secondary growth
Secondary growth
(Produce)
xylem (wood)
phloem (inner bark)
Ground tissue (rays)
Vascular cambium
Annular rings
Early wood vs Late wood
Sapwood vs heartwood
Softwood vs Hardwood
Leaves
Optimize light
Convergent evolution
Liverwort gametophyte
Moss gametophyte
Lycophyte sporophyte
Monilophyte sporophyte
Spermatophyte sporophyte
Varied leaf development
Mitosis of a single cell
Microphyll
Frond
Euphylls
Phyllad tissues
Chlorenchyma
(Contains chloroplasts)
Aerenchyma
(gas exchange)
Collenchyma
(flexible support)
Phyllad organization
Lycophylls
Monocot leaf
Eudicot leaf
Transportation
Water movement
water from soil to atmosphere
Water free energy
Water potential
Components
ψp = pressure potential:
ψπ = osmotic potential:
ψm = matric potential:
Pressure potential ψp
Osmotic potential ψπ
Matric potential
Cohesion-tension theory
Water movement from soil to atmosphere
Stomata open shortly after daybreak
Close at times of stress
Close at night
Pressure-flow hypothesis
Actively growing areas
Storage areas
Sugars transported as sucrose
single direction
