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Chapter 15: Foundations of Organization Structure - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 15: Foundations of Organization
Structure
15.1 Identify seven elements of an organization’s structure.
Organizational structure
: is the manner in which an organization divides its labour into
specific tasks
and
achieves coordination
among these tasks
Organizational structure elements
Chain of command
: The unbroken line of authority that extends from the top of the organization to the lowest echelon and clarifies who reports to whom.
Span of control
: The number of sub-ordinates a manager can efficiently and effectively direct.
Centralization and Decentralization
In
centralized organizations
, top managers make all the decisions, and lower-level managers merely carry out their directives.
In organizations at
the other extreme,
decentralized
decision making is pushed down to the managers closest to the action or to workgroups.
Formalization
: The degree to which a job is standardized.
Departmentalization
: The basis by which jobs in an organization are grouped together.
FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTALIZATION
PRODUCT OR SERVICE DEPARTMENTALIZATION
GEOGRAPHICAL DEPARTMENTALIZATION
PROCESS AND CUSTOMER DEPARTMENTALIZATION
Boundary Spanning
: When individuals form relationships outside their formally assigned groups.
Work specialization
: The degree to which tasks in an organization are subdivided into separate jobs.
15.2 Identify the characteristics of the simple structure, bureaucracy, and the matrix
structure.
15.3 Identify the characteristics of the virtual structure, the team structure, and the circular structure.
15.4 Describe the effects of downsizing on organizational structures and employees.
15.5 Contrast the reasons for mechanistic and organic structural models.
15.6 Analyze the behavioral implications of different organizational designs.