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Reconstruction (1863-1877) - Coggle Diagram
Reconstruction (1863-1877)
Attitudes
Lincoln assassinated, President
Johnson
takes over
Johnson
unsympathetic
towards AAs
But
Congress
was dominated by
Republicans
and they wanted to
carry out reforms
in the south to
help AAs
They were angered by the passing of the
Black Codes
(laws to control freedmen) in Southern states
Freedmen's Bureau 1865
Set up by
radical Republicans
Thaddeus Stevens
and
Senator Charles Sumner
Set up to promote welfare and education amongst AAs
Provided them with food, shelters, hospitals etc
14th Amendment 1868
Granted
citizenship
to
everyone born in the US
, including former slaves, and guaranteeing all citizens "
equal protection of the laws
"
15th Amendment 1870
Prohibited federal and state governments
from
denying a citizen the right to vote based on their race
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Everyone born in the USA
should receive
full and equal benefits of all laws
First Reconstruction Act 1867
Guaranteed the right to vote and create new Southern constitutions
Male AAs over 21 can vote and run for public office
Overall?
Congressional Reconstruction period
= led to more radical changes than another other period before 1960s
AAs
gained
more
political rights and representations
Some AA members of Congress
Federal authority used to enforce new laws
Freedmen's Bureau helped AA welfare and gradually
developed businesses and smallholdings
First enforcement act 1870
Banned discrimination
based on race or colour
Second Enforcement act 1871
Overturned state laws
that had prevented AA from voting,
encourages AA voting rights
Third Enforcement act 1871
Federal offence
for 2 or more people to
conspire to deprive citizens of their right
to equal protection of the laws
Also known as the
KKK act
Civil Rights Act 1875
All citizens entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of public places