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Photosynthesis and Life Cycle of Evolution - Coggle Diagram
Photosynthesis and Life Cycle of Evolution
Stages of Photosynthesis
Light Dependent Stage
Occurs in the grana of the chlorplast
Raw materials (water and nutrients from soil)
Requires chlorphyll
Requires Light
light energy gets converted to chemical energy and turned into ATP
The light energy is used to split water to produce hydrogen and oxygen
Products: Hydrogen, Oxygen, and ATP
Oxygen is released into the atmosphere via the stroma
The hydrogen and ATP are passed on to the second stage
Carbon Fixation
Occurs in the stroma of the cholorplast
Carbon dioxide taken in from the atmosphere
Chlorophyll is not required
Light is not required
Produces glucose
Limiting factors
Light Intensity, CO2 concentration, and temperature
Light Intesnity
Light energy is essential in carrying out this process as it is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen
CO2 Concentration
Co2 is a raw material needed to make Glucose
Temperature
Carbon fixation is controlled by enzymes. Enzymes do not work very well when exposed to low temperatures and can become denatured if exposed to high temperatures
Leaf Structures and Functions
Waxy Cuticle
Waterproof outer layer
Epidermis
Protective outer layer
Xylem
Transports water
Phloem
Transports glucose
Palisade Mesophyll
Contains lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Spongey Mesophyll
Loosely arranged for gas exchange (contains chloroplast)
Moist Air Space
Moist to allow gasses to dissolve
Stomata
Allows Co2 in and oxygen out of the leaf
Guard Cells
Open and close stomata
Plant Transport Systems
Water
The plant structure that carries water is the Xylem Vessels
Glucose
The plant structure that carries glucose is the Phloem Vessels
The glucose is made in the leaves, then the Phloem Vessels transport it to all other parts of the plant
Gas Exchange
The plant structure that allows gasses to pass in and out of the plant is the Stomata
The guard cells close and open the stomata
When open the stomata is described as turgid
When closed the stomata is described as flaccid
Carbon Dioxide moves INTO the stomata and oxygen moves OUT of the stomata