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3 Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry - Coggle Diagram
3 Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry
moles
Avogadro's number
6.02*10^23
1 mole of C has a mass of 12g
molar mass
the mass of 1 mol of a substance(g/mol)
The molar mass in grams per mole of any substance is numerically equal to its formula weight in atomic mass units
using moles
grams ---->
moles ---->
formula units
calculations
n=m/M
n=c*V
n=V/24 or ρ
V/R
T
mole relationships
one mole of atoms, ions or molecules contains Avogadro;s number of those particles
one mole of molecules or formula units contains Avogadro's number times the number of atoms or ions of each element int eh compoud
law of conservationof mass
Atoms are neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction
chemical equations
reactants ----> products
states
coefficients
number of molecules
subscripts
number of atoms of each element in a molecule
reaction type
combination reaction
two or more substances react to form one product
decomposition reaction
one substance breaks down into two or more aubstances
combustion reaction
rapid reactions that produce a flame
most often involve hydrocarbons reacting with oxygen in the air
formula weights
formula weight
the sum of the atomic weights for the atoms in a chemical formula
molecular weight
the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in a molecule
percent composition
(number of atoms)(atomic weight)/(formula weight of the compound)*100
finding empirical formulas
calculation empirical formulas
assume 100g of the substance
calculate the moles of each element
divide by the smallest number of moles
combustion anaylsis
H
H2O
O
difference after C and H have been determined
C
CO2
elemental analysis
stoichiometric calculations
grams of substance A
molar mass of A
coefficient of A and B from balanced equation
moles of substance B
molar mass of B
grams of substance B
limiting reactants
limiting reactant
the reactant present in the smallest stoichiometric amount
excess reagent
theoretical yield
maximum amount of product that can be made
percent yield
100*actual yield/theoretical yield