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06 SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS - Coggle Diagram
06 SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS
6.1 THE WAR OF SUCCESSION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
Territorial consequences of the treaties of
the Peace of Utrecht 1713
Felipe V renounced his claim
to the French throne
all commercial and territorial concessions to the Alliance powers
The Hispanic Monarchy lost its European territories
in exchange for being recognised as king of
Spain
Indies
Rastatt
Carlos II of Habsburg died without children
two pretenders to the throne
the emperor’s son Carlos of Habsburg, archduke of Austria
Prince Felipe of Bourbon, grandson of Louis XIV of France
Carlos II chose him as his heir
Felipe V was sworn in as king of the monarchy’s different kingdoms
between 1701 and 1702
European powers were suspicious of the power held
by an alliance between the French and Spanish monarchies
ruled by Bourbon kings
Several kingdoms within the Hague Alliance
declared war on France and on Felipe V
international war in 1701
was signed on 7 September 1701 between
Great Britain
he Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I
the United Provinces
in the Hispanic Monarchy a civil war broke out in 1705
between supporters of the
Habsburgs
more supporters in the Crown of Aragón
where there were uprisings in his favour
Bourbons
more supporters in the Crown of Castilla
It lasted until 1715
Felipe V
he invoked the right of conquest
punished the territories of the Crown of Aragón
used the Nueva Planta decrees (1707, 1711 and 1715) to abolish
the courts
fueros
diputaciones generales
customs
fiscal systems of the kingdoms of the Crown of Aragón
the civil and commercial law of Aragón, Cataluña and Mallorca
was mantained
6.2 POLITICAL REFORMS
Felipe V (1683-1746)
IT IS DONE IN PPT
6.3 FOREIGN POLICY
Spanish possessions during the reign of Carlos III
Bourbon monarchs in the 18th century
FELIPE V (1700–1724)
had to win in the War of Succession to take the throne
abdicated in favour of his son Luis in 1724
LUIS I (1724)
was on the throne for just over six months due to his early death.
was succeeded by his own father, Felipe V
FELIPE V (1724–1746)
Reigned until his own death
FERNANDO VI (1746–1759)
He had no children
on his death he was succeeded by one of his stepbrothers
Carlos III
CARLOS III (1759–1788)
was crowned in 1759 after abdicating as king of
Naples
Sicily
the main example of enlightened despotism in Spain
CARLOS IV (1788–1808)
saw the transitional period between two eras
He ruled until he was forced to abdicate
The Spanish kings had to ally with France (‘Family Compacts’)
due to
the dynastic affinity with the French Bourbons
the Atlantic expansion of Great Britain
the British claims on the American dominions of the Hispanic Monarchy
It also led the Spanish Kings to take part in
the Seven Years’ War (1756–1763)
When the war ended
treaty of Paris
British hegemony in the world
dominant power
Spain had to cede Florida to Great Britain
Spain received Louisiana from France
6.5 ECONOMIC REFORMS: TRADE
Domestic trade
was difficult due to
the rugged Spanish terrain
the poor conditions of the roads
most commercial transactions were local
helped improve the situation in certain areas
communication in inland Spain remained difficult
The Bourbons promoted public works
Foreign trade
was important with America
The West Indies fleet
dissapeared
Between 1765 and 1778
Carlos III signed decrees approving free trade in various ports in
Iberian Peninsula
others from Spanish America
liberalisation of the grain trade in 1765
Buying and selling these goods was usually regulated
this was essential to avoid famine
Establishing the free trade of grain alongside poor harvests
caused the price of bread to rise
it was the cause of popular revolts in 1766
‘Esquilache Riots’
the authorities
limited cereal exports
some Enlightenment thinkers believed
these measures were wrong
should be abolished as they harmed commercial freedom
Putting these ideas into practice in 18th-century Spain
created problems
put a limit on bread prices
This stopped the poor from going hungry
6.6 ECONOMIC REFORMS: CRAFT
Royal manufactures
Real Fábrica de Tapices de Santa Bárbara (Madrid)
Real Fábrica de Paños de San Fernando de Henares (Madrid)
Real Fábrica de Cristales de La Granja (Segovia)
Real Fábrica de Sedas de Talavera de la Reina (Toledo)
Real Fábrica de Hilados y Tejidos de Algodón (Ávila)
Real Fábrica de Paños de Brihuega (Guadalajara)
Real Fábrica de Porcelanas del Buen Retiro (Madrid)
factories created to make either luxury or basic products
created many jobs
not profitable in the long term
country’s level of consumption was very low
Enlightened governments favoured the domestic craft industry
textile industry
in the Barcelona area
printed cotton fabrics
created trade schools
