Three functions of blood: 1. Transport (of O2 and CO2 to and from tissues, nutrients from GI tract to tissue, waste products from cells to kidneys, hormones from endocrine glands to target organs). 2. Regulation (of pH via blood buffers, body temperature, water content via ions and proteins). 3. Protection (by haemostasis to prevent excessive blood loss, WBC and antibodies against
pathogens).
7 components of blood: Has plasma - WATER (91.5%), PROTEINS (7%), ELECTROLYTES, REGULATORY MOLECULES, DISSOLVED GASES, NUTRIENTS, WASTE
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Proteins: Made in the liver and dissolved in the blood. Albumin (maintains osmotic pressure; transports steroids, fatty acids and medications; blood buffer). Globulins (such as immunoglobulins, bind to pathogens/antigens and destroy them)
Inactive coagulation proteins (fibrinogen and prothrombin involved in blood clotting)
Electrolytes: Na+, K+, Mg2+, Cl-
Regulate osmotic pressure in cells and maintain function of nerve and muscle cells
Regulatory molecules:Hormones, enzymes and vitamins used in chemical production and cell function
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Nutrients: Amino acids, glucose, fatty acids and glycerol for cell function