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WIRELESS EVOLUTION GENERATION - Coggle Diagram
WIRELESS EVOLUTION GENERATION
1G SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
first generation of mobile network was deployed in Japan by Nippon Telephone and Telegraph company (NTT) in Tokyo during 1979.
it gained popularity in the US, Finland, UK and Europe in the beginning of 1980.
MOST POPULAR 1G SYSTEM DURING 1980s
Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS)
Nordic Mobile Phone System (NMTS)
Total Access Communication System (TACS)
European Total Access Communication System (ETACS)
KEY FEATURES (TECHNOLOGY) OF 1G SYSTEM
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Frequency 800 MHz and 900 MHz
Bandwidth: 10 MHz (666 duplex channels with bandwidth of 30 KHz)
Technology: Analogue switching
Modulation: Frequency Modulation (FM)
Mode of service: voice only
Access technique: Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
DISADVANTAGES OF 1G SYSTEM
Poor voice quality due to interference
Poor battery life
Large sized mobile phones (not convenient to carry)
Less security (calls could be decoded using an FM demodulator)
Limited number of users and cell coverage
Roaming was not possible between similar systems
2G SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
Second generation of mobile communication system introduced a new digital technology for wireless transmission also known as Global System for Mobile communication (GSM).
From 1990 to 2000
KEY FEATURES OF 2G SYSTEM
Digital system (switching)
SMS services is possible
Roaming is possible
Enhanced security
Encrypted voice transmission
First internet at lower data rate
Frequency : 1.8GHz (900MHz)
DISADVANATGES OF 2G SYSTEM
Low data rate
Limited mobility
Less features on mobile devices
Limited number of users and hardware capability
3G SYSTEM
KEY FEATURES OF 3G SYSTEM
Higher data rate
Video calling
Enhanced security, more number of users and coverage
Mobile app support
Multimedia message support
Location tracking and maps
Better web browsing
TV streaming
High quality 3D games
Frequency : 1.6 – 2.0 GHz
From 2000 to 2010
DISADVANTAGES OF 3G SYSTEM
Expensive spectrum licenses
Costly infrastructure, equipment and implementation
Higher bandwidth requirements to support higher data rate
Costly mobile devices
Compatibility with older generation 2G system and frequency bands
4G SYSTEM
KEY FEATURES OF 4G SYSTEM
Much higher data rate up to 1Gbps
Enhanced security and mobility
Reduced latency for mission critical applications
High definition video streaming and gaming
Voice over LTE network VoLTE (use IP packets for voice)
Frequency : 2-8 GHz
From 2010 to 2020
DISADVANTAGES OF 4G SYSTEM
Expensive hardware and infrastructure
Costly spectrum (most countries, frequency bands are too expensive)
High end mobile devices compatible with 4G technology required, which is costly
Wide deployment and upgrade is time consuming
5G SYSTEM
KEY FEATURES OF 5G SYSTEM
Ultra fast mobile internet up to 10Gbps
Low latency in milliseconds (significant for mission critical applications)
Total cost deduction for data
Higher security and reliable network
Uses technologies like small cells, beam forming to improve efficiency
Forward compatibility network offers further enhancements in future
Cloud based infrastructure offers power efficiency, easy maintenance and upgrade of hardware
