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What Are the Functions of Cell Division? - Coggle Diagram
What Are the Functions of Cell Division?
The Genetic Material Is Replicated During Cell Division
Daughter Cells
Each daughter cell receives a complete set of hereditary information, identical to that of the parent cell, and about half the parent cell’s cytoplasm
Genes
The units of inheritance are genes, which are segments of chromosomal DNA
Structure of DNA
Subunits called nucleotides compose DNA, which is structured into two long stands that make the shape of a double helix
DNA is packaged into chromosomes
Cell Division Is Required for Growth, Development, and Repair of Multicellular Organisms
Mitotic Cell Division
Where each division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
Mitotic cell division is also required to repair injuries
Cell Cycle
The daughter cell formed by cell division may later grow and divide again, in a repeating pattern
Three Categories Of Cells
Permanently Differentiated Cells
Differentiated cells that never divide again
Differentiated Cells Capable of Dividing
Can divide but their daughter cells differentiate into one or two types
Stem Cells
Undifferentiated cells that are capable of division
Two Important Characteristics
Self-Renewal
Potency
Cell Division Is Required for Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
Two Types of Sexual Reproduction
Sexual
Offspring is formed from two parents and the sprem fertilizes the egg
Asexual
Offspring are formed from a single parent, without having sperm fertilize eggs
The offspring is genetically identical to the parent
Process
Occurs when offspring are produced by the fusion of gametes
The production of gametes happens when cells in the adult’s reproductive system divide in a process called meiotic cell division