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PARLIAMENT AND ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM - Coggle Diagram
PARLIAMENT AND ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM
ABSOLUTE MONARCHIES
The king's power over all others
Nobility, clergy, parliaments, guilds...
Characteristics
Growing centralisation of
Political & administrative decisions
In courts and monarchy's goverment bodies
A permanent army under the king
Royal treasury
Marginalisation of the courts and parliaments
PARLAMENTARY MONARCHIES
Controlled the monarch's power
Through courts and parliaments
England
was the main example
After 1688
Absolutist claims were defeated
The parliament chose the new monarchs
Mary II
William III of Orange
They sign the
Bill of Rights
Limited the monarch's power
Recognised the rights of the individual
It remained stable in the 18th century
Economic and social changes took place
Great Britain
was based on this
PARLAMENTARY REPUBLICAN POLITICAL SYSTEMS
Reimained in some parts of Europe
Governed by members of nobility & wealthy middle class
They were elected by local assemblies
Common in the Holy Empire and Italian Peninsula
They achieved
High levels of economic & cultural development
Inhabitants enjoyed some freedoms
They didn't make up large states
Were week against military power
Exception ->
United Provinces
Formed its own colonial empire
ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM
Variant of
absolutism
with some changes
Inspired by the Enlightenment
Enlightenment thinkers worked as
Goverment advisers or ministers
They rationalise how monarchies funtioned to
Improve & make them more efficient
Monarchs thought
Enlightenment ideas
Would help govern more efficiently
Sciences & arts were promoted
ADDITIONAL REFORMS
Economic reforms
Increase income from royal estate
Improvements in
Communication routes
Agriculture
Crafts & commerce
Manual workers were taught skills
Political reforms
Parliaments/courts no convened
Provincial goverment was reorganished
Regalist reforms
Regalists (nobility/upper clergy) had their own entity
Reforms designed to gain privileges
Catherine "The Great"
(1729-1796)
Was empress of Russia between 1762-1796
Example of Enlightenment depotism
She was in contact with Enlightenment thinkers
She implemented only reformist ideas
That strengthened her power
Impremented reforms
Created different courts for
Nobelmen, middle class & free peasants
Her harsh policies for peasants led to popular uprisings
