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Diverse Societies in Africa, (What major changes affected societies during…
Diverse Societies in Africa
A Land of Geographic Contrasts
Challenging Environments
Culture
The deserts are largely unsuitable for human life and also hamper people’s movement to more welcoming climates.
The largest deserts are the Sahara in the north and the Kalahari in the south
Stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, the Sahara covers an area roughly the size of the United States
Only a small part of the Sahara consists of sand dunes, The rest is mostly a flat, gray wasteland of scattered rocks and gravel.
Each year the desert takes over more and more of the semiarid region at the southern edge of the Sahara Desert
african environment is the rain forest. Sometimes called “nature’s greenhouse,” it produces mahogany and teak trees up to 150 feet tall
its presence prevented Africans from using cattle, donkeys, and horses to farm near the rain forests
What problems might the expansion of the Sahara Cause?
They made people go into different livable areas and pushed off the land. They also limited the food production.
Welcome Lands
Culture
Most people in Africa live on the savannas, or grassy plains. Africa’s savannas are not just endless plains
They include mountainous highlands and swampy tropical stretches
Dry seasons alternate with rainy seasons—often, two of each a year
Unfortunately, the topsoil throughout Africa is thin, and heavy rains strip away minerals
In most years, however, the savannas support abundant agricultural production
Why might the rain forest be called “Nature’s Greenhouse”?
The tree's cover created a shelter area underneath, It was like a green house.
Early humans adapt to the enverment
To what might the Efe attribute their long success as a hunter-gatherer society?
they moved where the food was
Why did this happen?
Why would complex settlements require more government than smaller communities?
they were small so they did not have to fight much
What happened to the pastoralists of the Sahara 8,000 years ago?
they moved because it was drying up
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-spread-of-pastoralism-and-agriculture-in-africa.html
culture
https://historysimulation.com/social-studies-concepts/#culture
trade
traded honey,wild game,and other forest prodects from the crops grown by the farmers in nearby villages.
Stateless Societies
How is lineage important to stateless societies?
the lineage help balance the power in some stateless societies by power being spread among more than one lineage.so it basically prevented family from having to much control and power.
What were some religious beliefs of many early Africans?
It is centered on ancestor warship, the belief in a spirit world, supernatural beings and free will.
Why were oral traditions important in early Africa?
they were how we are cultural and beliefs.
One of these elements was the importance of the basic social unit, the family. In many African societies, families are organized in groups called lineages.
many African groups developed systems of governing based on lineages. In some African societies, lineage groups took the place of rulers.
In many African societies, young people form close ties to individuals outside their lineage through the age-set system. An age set consists of young people within a region who are born during a certain time period.
In a matrilineal society, children trace their ancestors through their mothers. Young men from a matrilineal culture and inherit land and wealth from their mother’s family.
In most African religions, the supreme god was not involved in humans’ lives. Instead, the nature spirits and the spirits of ancestors were responsible for many of life’s events, such as a plentiful harvest or an illness.
West African Iron Age
How do artifacts provide a picture of daily life?
Artifacts would show daily because it showed daily tools and items they used.
What are some possible reasons that Djenne-Djeno was abandoned?
One of the reasons is because of the spreed of Islam.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djenn%C3%A9-Djenno#:~:text=The%20city%20is%20believed%20to,of%20traders%20from%20Southwest%20Asia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_African_religions#:~:text=Native%20African%20religions%20are%20centered,interact%20with%20the%20physical%20world
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https://quizlet.com/59929888/fg_diazd_ch15-flash-cards/#:~:text=Lineage%20helps%20balance%20the%20power,too%20much%20control%20and%20power
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https://quizlet.com/116067563/world-history-i-practice-tests-and-quizes-africa-flash-cards/#:~:text=this%20set%20(11)-,What%20problems%20might%20the%20expansion%20of%20the%20Sahara%20cause%3F,was%20much%20like%20a%20greenhouse
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https://quizlet.com/116067563/world-history-i-practice-tests-and-quizes-africa-flash-cards/#:~:text=Why%20would%20the%20rain%20forest,was%20much%20like%20a%20greenhouse
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What major changes affected societies during Africa’s Iron Age?
https://study.com/academy/lesson/african-iron-age-architecture-tools.html#:~:text=The%20rise%20of%20iron%20tools,and%20military%20practices%20were%20improved
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The changes that happened were small changes to the agricultural and military practices.