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Sexual Reproduction in Humans, Chapter 16, Part 2 - Coggle Diagram
Sexual Reproduction in Humans, Chapter 16, Part 2
Gamete production:
Sperm production:
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After a series of cell divisions, the cells grow long tails called flagellae and become sperm.
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During copulation, the epididymis and sperm ducts contract and force sperm out through the urethra. The prostate gland and seminal vesicle add fluid to the sperm. This fluid plus the sperm it contains is called semen, and the ejection of sperm through the penis is called ejaculation.
Ovulation:
The egg cells (ova) are present in the ovary from the time of birth. No more are formed during the female’s lifetime.
As a girl surpasses her puberty, the egg cells start to mature and are released, one at a time about every 4 weeks from alternate ovaries.
As each ovum matures, the cells around it divide rapidly and produce a fluid-filled sac. This sac is called a follicle and, when mature, it projects from the surface of the ovary like a small blister.
Finally, the follicle bursts and releases the ovum with its coating of cells into the funnel of the oviduct. This is called ovulation.
From here, the ovum is wafted down the oviduct by the action of cilia in the lining of the tube.
The released ovum is enclosed in a jelly-like coat called the zona pellucida and is still surrounded by a layer of follicle cells. Before fertilisation can occur, sperm has to penetrate the zona pellucida with the aid of enzymes secreted by the head of the sperm..
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