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Global Politics - Coggle Diagram
Global Politics
Globalization and Global Governence
Four Arguments of Globalization
1989 C.E.+ dramatic increase of global exchange
Industrial Revolution+ because of technology
Modernity c. 1500 C.E.+ because of new ideas and capitalism
All of human history is a process of globalization
How we cooperate and coordinate at a global level to address shared threats or to support shared interests.
Bretton Woods Institutions
World bank, Word Trade Organization, International monetary Fund
Meeting in New Hampshire, USA in 1944 by 43 nations to promote global economic cooperation.
Migration
Connects the global community by sharing experiences, culture, and political ideology. Creates agreements between nations about the rules and guidelines for immigration. (gaining citizenships, green cards, seeking asylum.)
Roughly 89 million refugees worldwide
Cooperating and governing across national borders and not within them.
Human Rights, Peace, and Justice
Human Rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights-Outlines Specific Human Rights/Types of Rights (30 Articles)
Human rights are given to every human being, regardless of citizenship, race, gender, sexual identity, ethnicity, education, or political ideation.
History
World War II- highlighted the need for a shared document to outline and define human rights
The world saw the actions of Nazi Germany and sought a way to protect the world's citizens from those injustices, but they needed to have a definitive definition of what human rights are in order to uphold them and seek out the violations of human rights. Specifically the Holocaust brought this issue to the forefront of the issue.
Human Rights Treaty System
International Bill of Rights
Specific treaties
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (December 10, 1948)
Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (1966; 1976)
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966; 1976)
Conventions
Single Issue Topics
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965; 1969)
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1981)
Convention Against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Punishment (1984; 1987)
Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006; 2009).
The US has not signed or ratified this treaty due to its implications on the American Law. This would have the potential to supersede US law and Superior law of the land.
This kind of unwillingness to ratify a treaty like this has a big impact on how other nations view the US and our priorities. This could make tensions between allied countries and make them think twice about relying on the United States t0 uphold international shared values.
Structure of International Politics and the UN
The United Nations
Created in 1945 to address the aftermath of WWII and the need for international peace and justice.
General Assembly, Security Council, ECOSOC, International Court of Justice, Secretariat
GA=193 Members
SC=15 permanent members, other 10 rotate and represent different regions's interests
Winners of WWII are 5 permanent members
The International Criminal Court, or ICC, is the courts that rule on individuals on the international level.
Secretariat: Ensures that the decisions and resolutions decided by the organs of the United Nations are carried out.
Secretariat General: Antonio Gutierrez
10 non permanent members begin the process by suggesting, but 5 permanent members can veto choices. The GA has final approval and requires a majority vote.
Five year terms with a possibility of a second term for a total of 10 years
193 Member States