SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS
THE WAR OF SUCCESSION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
ECONOMIC REFORMS: TRADE
POLITICAL REFORMS
FOREING POLICY
Carlos II died without heirs
two pretenders to the throne
Carlos of Habsburg (Austria)
Prince Felipe of Bourbon (French)
Carlos II chose the Bourbon as heir
other countries didin't want Spain and France to alliate
a internationall war againts Felipe (1701)
Civil war in Spain (1705-1715)
supporters of Habsburgs
supporters of Bourbons
in Castilla
in Aragón
ended with the Peace of Utrecht (1713)
Felipe ruled Spain but didn't unite to France
Hispanic Monarchy lost European territories
by the Hague Alliance
Felipe punished Aragón for betraying him
Nueva Planta decrees
abolished
the court
fueros
diputaciones generales
customs and fiscal system
civil+comercial law mantained
Bourbons imposed absolute monarchy
18th enlightened despotism
to turn the royal court into the centre pf political decisions
need support of elited
replaced the councils and validos by cabinets
formed by
ministers
secretarios de despacho
resposible of mantaining
the state
the navy
the treasury
Terriitory
after the Nueva Planta decrees
Aragonese institutions that were abolished were replaced by new
Nothing change in Navarra and Basque provinces
America
viceroyalties were created
New Granada
Río de la Plata
Regalist policies
the King had more power than the Church
persuaded the Pope to disolve the Jesuits (1773)
for been anti-reformist
Family Compacts
alliance between France and Spain
because
Great Britain was takeing Hispanic territories from the Americas
Seven Years' War (1756-1763)
ended with Treaty of Paris
Great Britain was the main power in the world
territories
Spain gave Florida to Great Britain
Spain received Louisiana from France
Bourbon Monarchs
Felipe V (1700-1724)
Won the War of Succession
gave to his son the throne
Luis (1724)
son of Felipe V
died six months after becoming King
Felipe V (1724-1746)
returned to the throne
ruled until his death
Fernando VI (1746-1759)
No children
Carlos III his stepbrother became king
Carlos III (1759-1788)
main example of enlightened despot in Spain
Carlos IV (1788-1808)
saw the transition between two eras
he was forced to abdicate
Foreing trade
Domestic trade
Carlos III
was difficult
rugged terrain
bad roard
most commercial transactions local
Bourbons
promoted public works
improved situation
still were isolated areas
was important
specially with the Americas
The Wes Indies fleet disappeared
used to organice commercial monopoly with colonies
Carlos III
1765 -778 signed decrees
approving free trade in some ports
Iberan Peninsula
Spanish America
decreed the liberalisation of the grain trade (1765)
these goods trade was regulated
to avoid famine
free trade of grain+poor harvest
rise in price of bread
popular revolts 1766
Esquilache Riots