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Collection of Data and Research Instruments, Marialina Plasencia, Mercedes…
Collection of Data and Research Instruments
Primary Data
gathered from the PRIMARY or ORIGINAL SOURCES and FIRST-HAND EXPERIENCES.
People
Organized groups
Established practices and systems
Constitution and laws
Nonhuman living organisms
Man-made material things
Natural objects and phenomena
Secondary Data
gathered from the SECONDARY SOURCES.
Books
Published articles
Manuscripts
All other second hand sources among which are hearsays, rumors, etc
Instruments/Tools in Collecting Data
Clerical Tools
Questionnaires, Test, Interview, Experiment, Observation, Library, Registration...
Mechanical Tools
Laboratory tools and equipment used in research in the laboratories in the psychological, medical, chemical, biological, and physical sciences, as well as in agricultural and non-agricultural industries.
The choice of the instruments depends upon some factors such as the nature of the research problem, the literacy level of the study population, the cost of the survey, and the time factor.
Characteristics of a Good Research Instrument
The instrument must be valid and reliable.
The instrument must be based upon the conceptual framework
The instrument must gather data that would test the hypotheses or answer the questions or problems under investigation.
The instrument must be as objective as possible.
The questions should be unequivocal (has only one interpretation).
The directions to accomplish the instrument must be very clear and definite.
If the instrument is a mechanical device, it must be of the best brand and the latest design.
The instrument must be accompanied by a good cover letter.
The instrument must be accompanied by a sponsor's letter (optional).
The instrument must gather data that are relevant to the problem under investigation.
Marialina Plasencia
Mercedes Valle
Miguel Cuarezma
Oscar Mendieta