Volcanoes and Earthquakes
Earthquakes
Features of earthquakes
Epicentre: Point directly above the focus on the ground
Seismic waves
shaking ground
Reduce impacts of earthquakes
Effects
Deaths
Fires breaking out
Water pipes burst
Water contamination/Diseases
Subduction zone: occurs at destructive margin where one plate goes under the other
Corpses:Human and animals
Prediction
Prevention
Measure earth tremors, pressure and release of gas
Unusual animal behaviour
Seismometer
Emergency food supply
Set up warning sytem
Construct earthquake proof buildings
Volcanoes
Impacts
Deaths
Ash clouds
Landslides
why people live near volcanoes
Fertile soil
Tourism
scientific research
Geothermal energy
cause of erupton
Constructive plates
Destructive plates
Plates move away from eachother:Magma rises to fill the gap
Oceanic crust melts from friction and heat from the mantle:newly formed magma is lighter so it rises to the surface
Lava flow
Formed by
Magma rising through earths crust then pressure builds up inside earth then pressure is released resulting in plate moevement therefore magma explodes to surface causing eruuption,the lava then cools which forms a new crust,over time the rock builds up forming a new volcano
Stages
Active
Focus:point of earthquake
Dormant
extinct
Unlikely to erupt again
Eruptedd recently
Has not erupted recently but may in the future
Earthquake Proof Building
Types
Composite
shield
Enormous build up pressure
Low temperature
High gas content
frequent eruptions
Low height,gentle sloping sides with wide base
Distribution
Plate Boundaries
low silica content
Collision
Constructive
Earthquakes
Conservative
Volcanoes
Destructive
Encircle the whole pacific ocean
stretch across southern europe and asia
Extenrd down entire length of mid atlantic ocean
Encircle the whole of the pacific ocean(Ring of fire)
Extend down entre length of mid atlantic ocean
Some in southern europe,The caribbean and east africa
when two plates slide past eachother
when two continental plates move towards eachother
when two plates move away from eachother
when oceanic plate is subducted by continental plate
Pacific and Eurasian plate
North american and eurasian plate
Indo australian and eurasian plate
North american and pacific plate
Rubber shock obbservers between foundtions
Automatic shutters come down over the windowss
Automated weights on roof which reduce movemnt