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Volcanoes and Earthquakes - Coggle Diagram
Volcanoes and Earthquakes
Earthquakes
Features of earthquakes
Epicentre: Point directly above the focus on the ground
Seismic waves
shaking ground
Subduction zone: occurs at destructive margin where one plate goes under the other
Focus:point of earthquake
Reduce impacts of earthquakes
Prediction
Measure earth tremors, pressure and release of gas
Unusual animal behaviour
Seismometer
Prevention
Emergency food supply
Set up warning sytem
Construct earthquake proof buildings
Effects
Deaths
Fires breaking out
Water pipes burst
Water contamination/Diseases
Corpses:Human and animals
Earthquake Proof Building
Rubber shock obbservers between foundtions
Automatic shutters come down over the windowss
Automated weights on roof which reduce movemnt
Volcanoes
Impacts
Deaths
Ash clouds
Landslides
Lava flow
why people live near volcanoes
Fertile soil
Tourism
scientific research
Geothermal energy
cause of erupton
Constructive plates
Plates move away from eachother:Magma rises to fill the gap
Destructive plates
Oceanic crust melts from friction and heat from the mantle:newly formed magma is lighter so it rises to the surface
Formed by
Magma rising through earths crust then pressure builds up inside earth then pressure is released resulting in plate moevement therefore magma explodes to surface causing eruuption,the lava then cools which forms a new crust,over time the rock builds up forming a new volcano
Stages
Active
Eruptedd recently
Dormant
Has not erupted recently but may in the future
extinct
Unlikely to erupt again
Types
Composite
Enormous build up pressure
Low temperature
High gas content
shield
frequent eruptions
Low height,gentle sloping sides with wide base
low silica content
Distribution
Earthquakes
Encircle the whole pacific ocean
stretch across southern europe and asia
Extenrd down entire length of mid atlantic ocean
Volcanoes
Encircle the whole of the pacific ocean(Ring of fire)
Extend down entre length of mid atlantic ocean
Some in southern europe,The caribbean and east africa
Plate Boundaries
Collision
when two continental plates move towards eachother
Indo australian and eurasian plate
Constructive
when two plates move away from eachother
North american and eurasian plate
Conservative
when two plates slide past eachother
North american and pacific plate
Destructive
when oceanic plate is subducted by continental plate
Pacific and Eurasian plate