Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
the era of the Dumas, the dual government and bolsheviks 1906-1917 -…
the era of the Dumas, the dual government and bolsheviks 1906-1917
Bolshevik government.
Seizure of power
Therefore all that remained was Trotsky organising the final steps of the Bolshevik revolution then on the night of 24th to 25th of October with the support of the Petrograd military revolutionary committee 5000 sailors and soldiers move to the city and the Bolshevik red guards seized positions around the capital. although they encountered some resistance the troops on duty generally gave in without resistance. in the morning a further 3000 troops arrived. since Kerensky could not rely on Petrograd troops he left for the front. he hoped to be able to make contact with loyal troops who would March the city and defend it. the rest of the government met in an emergency session in the winter palace where on the evening of the 25th of October as red guard troops so rounded the winter palace a blank shot from the guns on the battleship Aurora was heard this was the signal for the beginning of the Bolshevik attack. the October revolution Petrograd whereby power past to the Bolshevik communists thus proved a relatively small-scale affair. much of Petrograd remained unaffected by the disturbances.
On the 7th of October letter returned to Petrograd to attend a meeting of the general committee and try to win them over in person. kerensky I was aware that the Bolsheviks wanted to seize power. He responded by sending some more radical army units out to the capital. This provided a excuse for the Bolshevik controlled Soviets do you set up a military revolutionary committee. (MRC) the committee control 200,000 red guards 60,000 Baltic sailors and 150,000 soldiers of the Petrograd Garrison. on October 10th Lenin harangued the central committee of the Bolshevik party and succeeded in persuading them that ‘an armed rising is the order of the day’ currency trade in desperation to close down to bushwick newspapers and restrict the MRC's power. he even ordered the bridges linking the working class areas to the centre of Petrograd should be raised. Bolshevik propagandists suggested that his actions were a betrayal of the Soviet and use them as an excuse to act.
-
Lenin's return
Lenin returned from exile on 3rd April 1917 he was helped by the Germans who expected him to take power and make peace. he had travelled in a railway carriage from switzerland to petrograd. Lenin greeted lots of crowds at the station. what he said was later called the april thesis which demanded; power should be transferred to the soviets, the war should be bought to an immediate end and all land should be reallocated.
-
-
the Dumas
The new constitution
Upper chamber- the state council, half elected by the Zemstva and half appointed by the tsar.
-
-
-
4th duma November 1912-17 this duma was very docile. the new prime minister ignored the duma and caused its influence to decline, it was too divided to fight back. It was interrupted by war
3rd Duma November 1907-June 1912. this Duma was more Submissive and they agreed 2200 of 2500 government proposals. the duma was suspended twice. although it ran its course it was clear at this time that the duma system wasn't working
2nd Duma February-June 1907 Stolypin attempted to influence the elections. but the number of left wing increased dramatically. this meant it was extremely oppositional. Stolypin struggled to find any support for reforming the agrarian programme he had drawn up. it was then dissolved after he made a story that they were planning to assassinate the tsar.
1st Duma may-July 1906 was boycotted by the Bolsheviks, SR's and the white wing party. it liberal VS radical and was highly critical of the Tsar. The Duma held a vote of no confidence and demanded the replacement of the Tsars ministers. 10 weeks later the Duma was dissolved.
Fundamental laws- this gave the tsar power over the Duma to: to veto legislation, to rule by decree in an emergency or when the duma is not in session, to dissolve the duma as he wishes.
Social development
-
conditions in the towns
In Russia's major cities the arrival of new factories and growing numbers largely increase the urban population it went from 2,000,000 to 6 million in just three years. Between 1867 and 1917 the empires urban population quadrupled from 7 to 28 million. Workers found themselves living in barrack like buildings owned by factory owners that were dangerously overcrowded and lacking in sanitation; Workers wages vary tremendously women had the lowest pay. conditions were worth during the industrial depression of 1900-08 however when the industry began to revive the wages of industrial workers failed to keep pace with inflation. Normal factory working hours were reduced to reach 10 hours in 1914 although this did not apply to workshops which were far more common. There was an 85% raise in primary school provision between 1905 and 1914 investment in education was however far less than the railways and only 55% of children were in full time education by 1914. There were lots of strikes about over working conditions and pay on one of the word strikes was the Lena goldfield massacre when that when workers went on strike for better wages and conditions troops were sent in and 270 workers were killed