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PARLIAMENTARISM AND ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM, art happiness, enlightened…
PARLIAMENTARISM AND ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM
ABSOLUTISM AND PARLIAMENTARISM
ABSOLUTE MONARCHIES
King's power
superior
over all others
nobility
parliaments
clergy
centralisation
royal courts for decisions
political
administrative
monarchy's government bodies
permanent army
ruled by the king
royal treasury
PARLIAMENTARY MONARCHIES
control monarch's power
through courts and parliaments
wealthy clases
England
After the glorious revolution
1688
Mary II and William III
signed the bill of rights
limited monarc's power
recognised individual rights
PARLIAMENTARY REPUBLICAN POLITICAL SYSTEM
goverment
elected by local assemblies
nobility
wealthy middle class
very common
Italian peninsula
Holy Roman empire
developments
for the inhabitants
certain individual freedoms
culture
economy
not very large
weak against other armies
exception: United Provinces
colonial empire
ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM
variation of absolutism
with trickledown reforms
inspired by the enlightenment
the monarch conserved power
Some places of Europe
advisors
Enlightened thinkers
starting at midi-18th century
Spain
Prussia
France
Russia
Enlightened ideas
govern efficiently
happiness
progress
academies
interests of despotic governments
projects
studies
promoted in the courts
arts
sciences
Additional reforms
economic
increase income
for royal state
improvements
agriculture
communication routes
crafts
commerce
manual workers were taught
politic
no conventions
courts
parliaments
territorial power for the king
provincial governments
reorganised
stronger
regalist
privileges for the church
tax exceptions
appointments of high positions
bishops
abbots
Catherine II (the Great)
enlightened despot
empress of Russia
in contact with thinkers
Diderot
D'Alembert
Voltaire
reforms
to strength her power
central and provincial goverment
courts for
noblemen
free peasants
middle class
harsh polices for peasants
serves
receive justice by their masters
popular uprisings
