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Evolutionary psychology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - states that survival and reproduction rates vary between individual
    - - less adapted die out or are unable to produce offspring
        
        the ones with less adaptation do not pass on their genes and those genes dissappear from the population gene pool
    - - more adapted-more offspring
- - - - Aim is to test learning theory by comparing attachment behaviour in baby monkeys given a wire surrogate mother producing milk with those given a soft towelling mother producing no milk
      - method
        
        2 types of surrogate mothers were constructed- a harsh wire mother and a soft towelling mother.
        
        16 baby monkeys were used, 4 in each of 4 conditions:
        
        ○ C1: a cage containing a wire mother producing milk and towelling mother producing no milk
        
        ○ C2: a cage containing a wire mother producing no milk and a towelling mother producing milk
        
        ○ C3: a cage containing a wire mother producing milk
        
        ○ C4: a cage containing a towelling mother producing milk
        
        The amount of time spent with each mother as well as feeding was recorded. The monkeys were also frightened with a loud noise to test for mother preference during stress and a larger cage was also used to test the monkeys degree of exploration.
      - results
        
        Monkeys preferred contact with the towelling mother when given a choice of surrogate mother, regardless of whether she produced milk; they even stretched across to the wire mother to feed while still clinging to the towelling mother.
        
        Monkeys with only a wire mother clung showed signs of stress and when monkeys were frightened they clung to the towelling mother when she was available.
        
        Monkeys with the larger cage also explored more and visited their mother more often
      - The monkeys have an innate, unlearned need for comfort suggesting that attachment concerns emotional security rather than food.
        
        Comfort is associated with lower levels of stress and a willingness to explore indicating emotional security.
  - - - statistically there the sensitivity of depression itself is lower
    - - there is a higher amount of this in collectivistic societies
- - - - fullfilled all 5 conditions