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Types of Carbohydrates - 2 - Coggle Diagram
Types of Carbohydrates - 2
Oligo-saccharides
Contain 3 to 10 monosaccharide units
eg -
Raffinose and Stachyose
are found in Beans and Pulses
They cannot be broken down by digestive enzymes
This produces gas and causes discomfort
On consumption of beans & legumes, oligosaccharides remain undigested in the large intestine
Bacteria in the colon (large intestine is also known as colon) act on them and ferment them
Poly-saccharides
Glycogen, Starch, Dextrin and Dietary Fibre
Composed of chains of monosaccharides
Glycogen
or animal starch is not found in plants.
Glycogen is stored mainly in the liver and muscles for future use when the body needs glucose quickly
Glycogen is made of many glucose molecules linked together in highly branched chains
Starch
- The human body stores glucose as glycogen, but plant cells store glucose as starches
Starch molecules are found in grains (wheat, rice, corn, oats) and in tubers (yams and potatoes) and in legumes (peas and beans and lentils)
Starch is long, branched or unbranched chains of hundreds or thousands of glucose molecules linked together.
Used as a thickening agent due to the property of Gelatinization. Eg. Corn-starch, Maida, potato
Dextrin
- Intermediate product in the breakdown of Starch
Some dextrins are produced when bread is toasted or flour is browned
Dietary Fibers - next sheet
Monosaccharides
single sugars
Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
Disaccharides
composed of two monosaccharides
Maltose, Lactose, Sucrose