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UNIT 5: MATERIAL AND CYLCLE ON EARTH, -> green house effect - Coggle…
UNIT 5: MATERIAL AND CYLCLE ON EARTH
Unit 5.2: Purity
Pure elements
every one of its atoms is exactly the same and made of just one type of atom
Calculate the purity of gold (24K): purity of gold = number of carat/24 x100%
Unit 5.1: The structure of the atom
Atom
Nucleus
Neutrons
have no electrical charge
have the same mass as proton
Proton
Have a positive electrical charge
have the same mass as neutron
Electrons
have a negative electrical charge
Have the least mass
Structure of atom
JJ Thomson model
The partices are arranged randomly throughout the model
Rutherford's model
The atom has a dense nucleus at the center
Other model: Chadwick proved that neutrons exist
Unit 5.3: Weather and climate
Weather
The state of the atmosphere and its changes from minute to minute, hour to hour, day to day, or week to week
Weather is the combination of temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloundiness, visibility and wind
Climate
the average weather in an area and takes several years to change
climate informatin includes the statistics of weather information that tells us about the normal weather, range of extreme weather at that place
Climate zone
Polar: very cold and dry all year
Temperate: cold winters and minds summers
Arid: hot and dry all year
Tropical: hot and wet all year
Mediterranean: mind winters and hot, dry summers
Mountains/Tundra/Tiga: very cold all year
Unit 5.4: Climate and ice ages
Ice sheets: about 25000 years ago, when Yuka was alive
Glaciar periods: 10000 years ago, so much of the Earth was frozen
Interglaciar periods: there is permanent ice close to the North and South poles
Unit 5.5: Atmosphere and climate
The atmosphere
A layer of gas above the Earth's surface
Changes to the atmosphere
The different between the early atmosphere of Earth and that of today
4000 million years ago
mainly carbon dioxide
little or no oxygen
small amounts of methane, ammonia gas and some water vapour
Today
the level of oxygen rise (account for 21%)
the level of carbon dioxide falls (account for 78%)
Global warming
carbon dioxide and other gas as methane act like a blanket around the Earth
a greenhouse lets in light and heat from the Sun, but heat energy is trapped inside
The increasing of greenhouse effect called greenhouse effect
-> green house effect
