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science - Coggle Diagram
science
measurement
• Instead of using prefixes for very large or very small numbers we can use powers of 10 to represent multiples or submultiples.
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measure volume of irregular solid object using displacement of water in a measuring cylender or displaceent of water from a eureka can,
measure the volume of a liquid using a measuring cylender, a pipetee or a burette
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ATOMS, ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS
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Atoms consist of a tiny dense nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons which spin around the nucleus.
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In order to work out the formulae of simple compounds we use bonding numbers called valencies. These can be found on the valency list below but most can also be worked out from position of the element in the periodic table. (For example, many of the +1 valency elements are in group 1 of the periodic table.)
Some elements have a positive valency (e.g. Na+, Al3+ ) and some negative (e.g. Br-, O2-). When working out the formula the positive and negative valencies must cancel out – add up to zero.
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