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ANTIOXIDANTS, Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol active form in human body),…

- - - - Deficiency
        
        affects
        
        People who eat locally on selenium-depleted soil
        
        leads to
        
        Keshan’s Disease
        
        symptoms
        
        Joint pain
        
        Cardiomyopathy
      - Toxicity
        
        symptoms
        
        Brittle nails and hair
        
        Neurological damage
        
        Fatigue
        
        Irritability
        
        is caused by
        
        Incorrect supplement usage
      - Food Sources
        
        Plant Foods
        
        Grains, seeds, and produce grown in selenium-rich soils
        
        Animal Foods
        
        Meats (especially organs)
        
        Fish
        
        Shellfish
        
        Milk
        
        Eggs
        
        Lost in food preparation, but not a concern
      - Non-Antioxidant Roles
        
        Supports thyroid hormones by converting T4 to T3
      - Antioxidant Roles
        
        Cofactor for activation of glutathione peroxidase
        
        Destroys free radicals
        
        Protects cell membranes
  - - - Fat-Soluble
        
        Vitamin A
        
        Retinoids (Preformed Vitamin A)
        
        Non-Antioxidant Roles
        
        Vision
        
        Development and growth
        
        Reproduction
        
        Health of mucous membranes in epithelial tissues
        
        Immune functions & infections
        
        Food Sources
        
        Animal foods
        
        Protein-rich foods
        
        Liver
        
        Fish oils
        
        Egg yolk
        
        Fortified milk
        
        Butter
        
        Cheese
        
        Deficiency
        
        most at risk
        
        Children
        
        leads to
        
        Xerophthalmia
        
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        Night blindness
        
        impacts
        
        Growth, development & reproduction
        
        1 more item...
        
        Health of mucous membranes in epithelial tissues
        
        1 more item...
        
        Immune function
        
        1 more item...
        
        Toxicity
        
        is caused by
        
        Animals foods (pâtés)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Incorrect supplement use
        
        1 more item...
        
        consists of 3 forms
        
        Retinol
        
        Retinal
        
        Retinoic Acid
        
        Carotenoids (Provitamin A)
        
        Beta-Carotene #
        
        Food Sources
        
        Plant foods
        
        1 more item...
        
        Antioxidant Roles
        
        Neutralizes free radicals in cell membranes & low density lipoproteins
        
        Non-Antioxidant Roles
        
        Supports immune system
        
        Protects skin against sun damage
        
        Protects eyes against age-related damage
        
        Toxicity
        
        can cause
        
        Hypercarotenemia (non-toxic)
        
        No known symptoms
        
        Deficiency
        
        associated with
        
        Increased risk for heart disease & cancer
        
        No known symptoms
      - Water-Soluble
- - - - Normal metabolic processes
        
        Exposure to environmental factors
        (pollution, radiation, UV light, etc.)
    - - unpaired electron making it highly reactive & damaging
- - - - symptoms
        
        Tired
        
        Lethargy
  - - - because
        
        Low stores in infants (necessary for growth)
        
        Incubator environment (high oxygen level, more stress on lung membranes)
        
        Transfer of Vitamin E from mother to fetus occurs during last few weeks of pregnancy
- - - - symptoms
        
        Rebound scurvy
        
        Kidney stones
- - - - symptoms
        
        Loose teeth
        
        Painful joints
        
        Bleeding gums
        
        Wounds cannot heal
        
        Petechiae