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Cracking the Alphabetic Code: Chapter 4 - Coggle Diagram
Cracking the Alphabetic Code: Chapter 4
First Grade Phonics Instruction
interactive writing
: students and teachers work together to write a passage while showing correct grammar, spelling, syntax, and so on
minilesson
: explicit instruction about literacy procedures, concepts, strategies, and skills that is taught to small groups or the whole class
The Alphabetic Principle
graphonemic
:
phonological awareness
: awareness to different units of sounds in oral language
onset-rime
: next smaller unit of sound; The rime is the part that comes after the consonant and starts with a vowel (ex. stack, slack, back- all contain the same rime -ack)
phonemes
: the smallest unit of sounds in spoken language;
syllables
: large units of sound in words
Teaching English Learners
Instruction-Assessment Cycle
: four-step instruction-assessment cycle that integrates assessment with instruction
monitoring
: teachers observe students' performance when they complete assessments
evaluating
: teachers use checklists to check that their students are meeting grade level expectations
planning
: teachers make plans for assessment during and after instruction
reflecting
: teachers judge the effectiveness of their learning and decide how to differentiate instruction to serve every learners needs
screening tests
: teachers give one of many awareness tests to screen students' ability to use phonemic awareness strategies
Teaching Phonemic Awareness Strategies
sound blending
: students blend sounds to combine them and form a word
sound addition and substitution
:students play with words and create nonsense words as they add or substitute sounds in words in songs they sing or books read to them
sound isolation
: teachers say a word and then students identify the sounds at the beginning, middle, or end of the word
sound segmentation
: students isolate the sounds in a spoken word
sound matching
: students choose one of several words beginning with a particular sound or say a word that begins with a particular sound
Using Phonemic Awareness Strategies
substituting sounds
: students remove a sound from a word and substitute a different sound
blending sounds
: students blend two, three or four individual sounds to form a word
categorizing sounds in words
: students recognize the "odd" word in a set of three words
segmenting sounds
: students can say words slowly and hear the beginning, middle, and ending sounds
identifying sounds
: students identify a word that begins or ends with a particular sound