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:bulb: The Enlightenment :bulb:, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
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The Enlightenment
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Evolution of Enlightenment
Some thinkers understood that they were insufficient to achieve the triumph of reason, progress and happiness, so a more radical critique of the political and social system emerged
The major changes in the last third of the 18th century.
Education and pedagogy was very important,and it led to different scientific and technical innovations.
Political Philosophers
VOLTAIRE (1694–1778)
ROUSSEAU (1712–1778)
MONTESQUIEU (1689–1755)
Was mostly a reformist movement
Spread of Enlightenment
Scientists and intellectuals gathered in academies, where lectures were given, scientific and literary works were read and practical work was carried out.
Above all, were spread by the Encyclopédie
They were also spread by word of mouth in gatherings of the nobility and upper middle class, in coffee houses, taverns and salons.
Characteristics of Enlightenment
The enlightenment was an optimistic intellectual movement that expressed hope to the future trough:
Progress
Reason
Happiness
Women in the Enlightenment
ÉMILIE DU CHÂTELET (1706–1749)
Was a mathematician, physicist and writer that helped disseminate the theories of Newton, her translation was very important on that. She regularly met and work with important scientists of the period.
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT (1759–1797)
One of the first feminist women. As well as working as a translator, she wrote tales and short stories and an important treatise on women’s rights
MARIE-THÉRÈSE RODET (1699–1777)
Attended the literary salons of Paris and she became famous for starting her own one. Her guests included some famous and well-known politicians, philosophers and scientists.
MARÍA GAETANA AGNESI (1718–1799)
Was a teacher, linguist and mathematician,that spoke several languages and published a number of books. She taught at a very important university.
In Spain
New educational institutions
Sociedades Económicas de Amigos del País
Academies
