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WORLD WAR II, The British did not give up., German resources were weakened…
WORLD WAR II
The Welfare State
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Social security --> most urgent problem for people who fail to have enough to live on because they are unemployed, ill, too old or pregnant.
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the New Towns Act and the Town and Country Planning Act --> clearance of slums, building of large housing estates, creation of green areas;
National Insurance Act --> a system of social security --> unemployment and sickness benefits, retirement pensions, child allowances.
Nationalisation --> extended to hospitals, gas, electricity, steel, coal mines, railways and the Bank of England.
The Thirties in Britain
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In Britain the mass unemployment gave rise to high tension with violent protests and hunger marches.
The worst hit areas were the north of England, South Wales and central Scotland, where heavy industry was in decline.
In the later half of the Thirties there was some economic recovery in rearmament for the impending war.
In the south-east of England new light industries (automobile, chemicals, electrical goods) developed.
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The World at War
The British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain, who had attempted appeasement with Hitler resigned.
The Conservative Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of a unified national government.
He established a War Cabinet of five ministers to make important decisions.
When France fell, British troops retreated to Dunkirk and were rescued by the Royal Navy and private boats.
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World War II
To defeat Britain, Germany needed to take command of the skies above Southern England, but they failed to win the Battle of Britain.
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Hitler decided to turn his attention to the East and began Operation Barbarossa (1941) --> the largest military operation in history.
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German army surrendered and Russians moved into Europe liberating countries occupied by the Germans.
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The end
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In 1944
on 6th June, the Allies landed in Normandy and liberated France
--> D-Day – D for Deliverance
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The New Deal (1933-1938)
In 1932, the Democrat Franklin Delano Roosevelt was elected President.
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The Thirties in the USA
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The situation was made worse by the ecological disaster known as the Dust Bowl (1930-1936) which was a period of terrible dust storms caused by severe draught in the Great Plains region.
It caused severe agricultural damage and migration to the West.
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